Science

A miniature universe exists just beyond our sight — these award-winning photos capture it in breathtaking detail

nikon small world microscope images 1st place
Green scales decorate the eye of an Asian red palm weevil. Yousef Al Habshi/Nikon Small World
Read in app

The world is not as it seems. Just beyond the limits of our vision exists a miniature universe that beckons to be explored by curious, oversize humans.

Microscopes give us a window into that tiny cosmos, and talented photographers and videographers from around the world have used the tools for centuries to document it in stunning detail. But the equipment and techniques to take microscope photos get better with each passing year.

In honor of the beauty and scientific importance of micrographs, as such pictures are called, the Nikon Small World contest rounds up the best images every year and awards prizes to the top 20 entries. This year marks the 44th competition.

Judging involves poring over thousands of photos, spotting fakes and non-microscopic images, and then assessing the technique, subject matter, and "wow" factor of the remainder.

What you see above is the first-place image, which was taken by Al Habshi in the United Arab Emirates. It shows the compound eye of a half-inch-long Asian red palm weevil, also known as Metapocyrtus subquadrulifer, decorated with brilliant green scales.

"Not all people appreciate small species, particularly insects," Habashi said in a press release. "Through photomicrography we can find a whole new, beautiful world which hasn't been seen before. It's like discovering what lies under the ocean's surface."

To see all of the photos the judges picked as winners, keep scrolling.

This cluster of reproductive cells within a fern won second-place.

nikon small world microscope images 2nd place
Rogelio Moreno/Nikon Small World

This is third place: a spittlebug nymph huddling inside a protective coat of bubbles.

nikon small world microscope images 3rd place
Saulius Gugis/Nikon Small World

Ever seen a peacock feather this close? This is the fourth-place winner.

nikon small world microscope images 4th place
Can Tunçer/Nikon Small World

No. 5: A spider embryo with its surface in pink and microtubules in green.

nikon small world microscope images 5th place
Dr. Tessa Montague/Nikon Small World

No. 6: The central part of a primate's retina.

nikon small world microscope images 6th place
Hanen Khabou/Nikon Small World

No. 7: A dried human tear drop.

nikon small world microscope images #7   Human Tear Drop_x10
Norm Barker/Nikon Small World

No. 8: A portrait of a very grumpy-looking mango seed weevil, or Sternochetus mangiferae.

nikon small world microscope images #8   Mango seed weevil head front
Pia Scanlon/Nikon Small World

No. 9: A security hologram.

nikon small world microscope images #9   sechol2
Dr. Haris Antonopoulos/Nikon Small World

No. 10: A pair of stalks containing pollen grains.

nikon small world microscope images #10   Taraxacum officinale (2,2 mm, 3x)  porzószálak pollenekkel.
Dr. Csaba Pintér/Nikon Small World

No. 11: A human fibroblast, which is vital for the healing of damaged organs, undergoes cell division. (DNA is stained magenta.)

nikon small world microscope images #11   Fibroblast Division
Nilay Taneja, Dr. Dylan Burnette/Nikon Small World

No. 12: Scales on the wing of a Madagascan sunset moth, or Chrysiridia rhipheus.

nikon small world microscope images #12   Butterfly Urania Ripeus scales
Luciano Andres Richino/Nikon Small World

No. 13: An acorn barnacle.

nikon small world microscope images #13   Krebs 1_NSW 2018
Charles Krebs/Nikon Small World

No. 14: A cell from an African green monkey stained to show its hidden structure.

nikon small world microscope images #14   Cos7Moore
Andrew Moore, Dr. Erika Holzbaur/Nikon Small World

No. 15: A mite on the back of a honeybee.

nikon small world microscope images #15   Varroa_destructor (Antoine_Franck Cirad)
Antoine Franck/Nikon Small World

No. 16: A mouse's oviduct, which serves as the site of fertilization.

nikon small world microscope images #16   oviduct1
Dr. Amanda D. Phillips Yzaguirre/Nikon Small World

No. 17: Breast tissue, with milk-filled spheres (in red) surrounded by muscle cells that squeeze out milk (in yellow), and immune cells that detect infection (in blue).

nikon small world microscope images #17   Milky way Nikon small world
Caleb Dawson/Nikon Small World

No. 18: Crystallized amino acids — the molecules that make up genetic material.

nikon small world microscope images #18   L_Glutamine_and_Beta_Alanine_10
Justin Zoll/Nikon Small World

No. 19: Ouch — an Asian hornet with venom on its stinger.

nikon small world microscope images #19   needle
Pierre Anquet/Nikon Small World

No. 20: The layers of a human retina that enable people to see.

nikon small world microscope images #20   Human Fovea_GNB3 Cit CRALBP 40x
Dr. Nicolás Cuenca, Isabel Ortuño-Lizarán/Nikon Small World

Nikon Small World also recognizes "honorable mentions" that didn't make the top 20, but were close. Here's a Daphnia water flea full of eggs.

nikon small world microscope images Daphnia with eggs
Anne Algar/Nikon Small World

Sea angel larvae use cup-shaped mouthparts to feed.

nikon small world microscope images MJBoyle_polytrochus_larva
Dr. Michael Boyle/Nikon Small World

The mold Penicillium vulpinum can grow with surprising symmetry.

nikon small world microscope images Penicillium vulpinum
Tracy Debenport/Nikon Small World

The shell of a lychee fruit that's illuminated from within.

nikon small world microscope images Lychee shell 2x x1.4
Sergii Dymchenko/Nikon Small World

The wing of an emperor butterfly.

nikon small world microscope images Krebs 3_NSW 2018
Charles Krebs/Nikon Small World

A cross section of a Bosnian pine tree.

nikon small world microscope images Pinus leucodermis Den Ouden
Anatoly Mikhaltsov/Nikon Small World

Cloth fabric (in red) and bubbles on the surface of a rock.

nikon small world microscope images red_fiber_bubble
Walter Piorkowski/Nikon Small World

Because there are so many good images, Nikon Small World has a third category called "images of distinction," which follow. The category includes this picture of a Wonga Wonga Vine. It's a popular garden plant found in Australia and the southwestern Pacific region.

nikon small world microscope images #3 Wonga Wonga seed
Dr. Anastasia Tyurina/Nikon Small World

Dye-injected nerve cells inside a mouse's brain.

nikon small world microscope images 01_BARTI_cerebellum_GFAP_DAPI_BIO_20x_smallworld
Dr. Benjamin Barti/Nikon Small World

Cyclop, a one-eyed water flea, with eggs.

nikon small world microscope images 2
Marek Miś/Nikon Small World

The surface of aluminum milling grooves.

nikon small world microscope images 3 4
Karl Deckart/Nikon Small World

Part of a brain with nerve cells in red, nuclei in blue, and tau proteins in green.

nikon small world microscope images 3 month mutant #314 Cerebellum (PHF1)_mosaic
Gabriel Luna, Dr. Israel Hernandez, and Dr. Kenneth S. Kosik/Nikon Small World

Sex organs and support structures of moss.

nikon small world microscope images 5
Magdalena Turzańska/Nikon Small World

A male wasp from Fiji.

nikon small world microscope images 2017 05 23 21.53.42 ZS retouched (87 84 57 53 29)p 4x micro
James Dorey/Nikon Small World

Eek! This is the tip of a tarantula's fang.

nikon small world microscope images 2018 04 02 23.32.48 ZS DMap
João Burini/Nikon Small World

A fern's reproductive cells.

nikon small world microscope images 2018 04 16 03 08 46 (C) ok
Ou Zhilei/Nikon Small World

The underside of a decaying northern red oak leaf.

nikon small world microscope images 171023_ECW_055163x
Ellen Woods/Nikon Small World

Fluorescent protein in a living HeLa cell, which is the oldest human cell line used in scientific research.

nikon small world microscope images 290817_2017_08_31__11_00_43_Airyscan Processing_Color coded projection.czi (RGB)
Dr. Darren Robinson, Dr. Paul Jarman/Nikon Small World

A parasitic roundworm.

nikon small world microscope images Ascaris
Massimo Brizzi/Nikon Small World

A dried-out drop of blood.

nikon small world microscope images Blood_Comp_03
Mai Tal/Nikon Small World

Golden algae found in freshwater.

nikon small world microscope images Dinobryon4
Dr. Håkan Kvarnström/Nikon Small World

A segmented worm with movable hairs.

nikon small world microscope images Dysponetis
Dr. Greg Rouse/Nikon Small World

A mouse embryo stained for motor nerves (in red), sensory nerves (in magenta), and nerve endings (in cyan).

nikon small world microscope images e12 NF TRKB HB9 11 26 13_stack_UltraII_C00_xyz Table Z0000_2018 05 01T00 42 24.422
Mouse embryo (day 12.5) stained for motor (red) and sensory (magenta) nerves and nerve endings (cyan) Dr. Gist Croft, Lauren Pietila, and Dr. Ali Brivanlou/Nikon Small World

A rotifer — a microscopic aquatic animal — feeding.

nikon small world microscope images Floscularia
Rogelio Moreno/Nikon Small World

Almandine, a type of mineral from Hubei, China.

nikon small world microscope images Garnet_Hubei_China_FOV_9mm_5
Dr. Emilio Carabajal Márquez/Nikon Small World

Iron oxide needles on quartz in Ontario, Canada.

nikon small world microscope images Goethite_Marmoraton_FOV 2.9 x 1.9 mm
Michael J. Bainbridge/Nikon Small World

Part of a cat's tongue showing blood capillaries.

nikon small world microscope images Hett_cat _tongue_X6_3_19images_plus_37_images_Zerene_PMax_retouched_stitch_edit2
Dr. David John Linstead/Nikon Small World

Amino acid crystals.

nikon small world microscope images L_Glutamine_and_Beta_Alanine_7
Justin Zoll/Nikon Small World

A parasitic larva from a wasp family feeds on a spider abdomen.

nikon small world microscope images MatyasMolnar SpiderParasite Lightsheet
Dr. Matyas Molnar/Nikon Small World

A ball of plastic microfibers found drifting in the ocean's plankton.

nikon small world microscope images Microfibre Ball
Dr. Richard Kirby/Nikon Small World

Microtubules in cells from veins of a human's umbilical cord.

nikon small world microscope images Microtubule
Bill Shin/Nikon Small World

Mite on an antenna of a May bug.

nikon small world microscope images MITEONTHEBUGANTENNA
Emre Can Alagöz/Nikon Small World

The early development phase of a tea-leaved willow's male reproductive part.

nikon small world microscope images pajunhede1203042018valmiskorjattu
Henri Koskinen/Nikon Small World

Marine organisms called dinoflagellates taken from a culture of algae.

nikon small world microscope images pyro
Gerd Günther/Nikon Small World

A rotting willow leaf.

nikon small world microscope images Rotten Leaf
Murat Öztürk/Nikon Small World

A 3D reconstruction of a mouse testicle (in green) and blood vessels (in red).

nikon small world microscope images Simon Merz_LSFM_testis_02
Simon Merz, Sebastian Korste, and Sophie Henneberg/Nikon Small World

A thistle tortoise beetle.

nikon small world microscope images thistle_tortoisebeetle
Özgür Kerem Bulur/Nikon Small World

Sea urchin larva found in marine plankton.

nikon small world microscope images W_van_Egmond_echinopluteus_2
Dr. Wim van Egmond/Nikon Small World

Single-celled marine organisms that grow on seaweeds.

nikon small world microscope images W_van_Egmond_Licmophora_diatoms
Dr. Wim van Egmond/Nikon Small World

The inside of a mouse eye. Fibers (blue) help suspend the lens at the center (red).

nikon small world microscope images Wendell Jones
Wendell Jones, Dr. Steven Bassnett/Nikon Small World

Layered crystal faces of smithsonite.

nikon small world microscope images x5 smithsonite final edit
Tyler Smith/Nikon Small World

Transport tissue in a buttercup root.

nikon small world microscope images Xylem and Phloem
Dr. Elle Kielar Grevstad/Nikon Small World

The iris of a human eye, with a "freckle" shown in blue.

nikon small world microscope images Zgoda_NSM
Teresa Zgoda/Nikon Small World

A wilted flower.

nikon small world microscope images zzzzz1077
Samuel Silberman/Nikon Small World

Nikon Small World also awards winners for its "Small World in Motion" video contest. See all of those winners here. 

Disclosure: Dave Mosher, one of the authors of this post, was invited to judge the Nikon Small World competitions in 2017 and 2014.

Read next

Dave Mosher reported news and features stories about science and technology for Insider, with human and robotic spaceflight as the primary focus of his multimedia storytelling. Mosher joined Insider in April 2015 as a deputy editor to help launch Tech Insider and manage its science desk. He left the company in February 2021. Prior to being an Insider, Mosher directed Popular Science's website, was a Wired contributor, and worked for or with Scientific American, Popular Mechanics, Discover, Space.com, National Geographic News, Discovery Channel, Nature, Science, and other media outlets.
Peter was a science and innovation intern. Before Business Insider, he studied at Northwestern University.